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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 31, No 03 (1999)" : 10 Documents clear
The incidence of low birth weight infants in pregnant mothers infected malaria Setyowireni DK, Setyowireni DK
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: There are many pregnant mothers in malaria endemic area such as Purworejo suffering from anemia. It was considered a risk factor for pregnant mother to deliver low birth weight infants (LBWI).Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the correlation between pregnant mothers infected malaria with incidence of low birth weight infants (LBWI).Methods: The samples included pregnant mothers involved in an applied research at the Community Health and Nutrition Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University in Purworejo, Central Java, who received vitamin A and zinc supplement. Five hundred and eighty three pregnant mothers were randomly selected during period of 1 year (1997). By using peripheral blood examination 160 pregnant mothers were found to be infected by malaria and 423 persons were not infected were used as control. Monthly visits were carried out to monitor the anemia status by Hemocue to determine the haemoglobin content and ferritin serum, anthropometry examination, health interview of gestation history using questionaires, and birth weight examination.Results: The prevalence of malaria on pregnant mothers was 10.6%. No characteristic difference of pregnant mothers in two groups statistically, except the ferritin level of pregnant mothers with malaria which was statistically lower (198.6 µg/dl) than non-infected mothers (617.1 µg/dl; p <0.001). The incidence of LBWI in Purworejo in 1997 was 5.3%. No significant difference of LBWI incidence was found in pregnant mothers with malaria (3.8%) and non infected mothers (1.7%; p = 0.13). The LBWI risk in pregnant mothers with malaria was two times higher than non infected mothers. And it is not significant statistically (OR=2.3; 95% CI=0.77-6.64). Multiple regression analysis showed that the important factor of LBWI incidence in pregnant mothers with malaria was gestational age (prematurity) (F=6.293; p = 0.012).Conclusion: The most important factor of LBWI in malaria infected pregnant mother is prematurity. We need to pay attention to them by considering iron deficiency. Key words: pregnant mother - malaria-ferritin serum - prematurity-low birth weight infants
Zingiber officinale volatile oil: clinical trial on Brugia Malayi infection in Kalimantan area Mulyaningsih, Mulyaningsih
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: According to the fact, there is chance that the Zingiber officinale volatile oil can be developed for treatment elephantiasis in man. However, up to now there was no study yet on the efficacy of the phytopharmaca against filaria.Objective: The clinical trial was designed to know the effect and the safety of application of Zingiber officinale volatile oil as anti-filariasis agent in the treatment of Brugia malayi infection in Kalimantan area.Methods: In this study, 40 patients suffered from filariasis malayi were divided into 2 groups. Zingiber officinale volatile oil in honey syrup was given to each patient of group I. Honey syrup as plasebo was given to each patient of group II. The treatment was given for 28 consecutive days each. The density of microfilariae before and after treatment of each group were recorded and assessed using Pre-test and Post-test by using probit analysis.Results: This study showed that the average value of microfilaria density before and after treatment count per 60 ul blood in placebo group were 64.9 ± 96.4 and 90.4 ± 122.0. While in volatile oils group were, 92.1 ± 118.3 and 56.6 ± 77.0 respectively. MfD50 of placebo group before and after treatment is 27.75, and 44.99. MfDso of volatile oils group before and after treatment is 44.42, and 37.06.Conclusion: Zingiber officinale volatile oil can be developed for treatment elephantiasis in man.Key words : microfilaria density - phytopharmaca - volatile oil - filariasis malayi - elephantiasis.
Detection of circulating antigen in sera of patients with malayan 1ilariasis by sandwich ELISA using monoclonal antibody Fes7 Soeyoko, Soeyoko
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background. The living lymphatic filarial worm Brugia malayi releases physiologically protein materials in the malayan filariasis patients which is called circulating antigen. Based on the clinical symptoms and the demonstration of microfilariae in the blood smears, people who are living in the endemic area can be classified into 4 groups: symptomatic microfilaraemic, symptomatic amicrofilaraemic, asymptomatic microfilaraemic and asymptomatic amicrofilaraemic.Objectives. To detect circulating antigen in sera of each group of patients with malayan filariasis in endemic area.Methods. Circulating antigen in sera was detected by sandwich ELISA using monoclonal antibody Fesi.Result. By sandwich ELISA using monoclonal antibody Fesi, 100% of symptomatic microfilaraemic sera, 35.7% of symptomatic amicrofilaraemic sera, 89.2% of asymptomatic microfilaraemic sera and 26.3% of asymptomatic amicrofilaraemic sera were positive for circulating antigen.Conclusion. Detection of circulating antigen in sera of malayan filariasis patients could be used to support the diagnosis of malayan filariasis in some cases which were difficult to be diagnosed by conventional method based on clinical symptoms and the demonstration of microfilariae in the blood smears.Keywords: circulating antigen - sandwich ELISA - monoclonal antibody - sera - Brugia malayi - asymptomatic amicrofilaraemic.
Sensitivity rates of bacteria causing urinary tract infections to commonly used antibiotics Ning Rintiswati, Ning Rintiswati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The choice of antibiotics in the treatment of infections, including urinary tract infection has been mainly based on previous clinical and empirical experiences. No antibiotic guideline is available for use in daily practice so that failure in the treatment of infections will inevitably happen. Since it is quite complicated work to prepare the guideline we start with a simple preliminary study on antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria causing urinary tract infections.Objectives: The aim of this study is to know the recent status of various antibiotics agent in relation to their efficacy in the treatment of urinary tractus infection, especially in Yogyakarta.Methods: Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility test of bacteria from urine specimens were performed by available standard methods. Subject: Urine specimens sent to Microbiology Department for isolation, identification, and antibiotics susceptibility test.Results: The results showed that 184 isolates were obtained during the period of July 1997 to June 1998. Susceptibility rate of the isolates to ampicillin was very low, whereas the rates were much higher for ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, and amikacin.Conclusions: It is concluded that ciprofloxacin could be the first choice and norfloxacin, gentamicin or amikacin serve as alternatives in the treatment of urinary tract infections.Key words: bacteria - urinary tract infection - antibiotics suceptibility - sensitivity rates
Evaluation of in vitro culture media of adult Brugia malayi with glucose supp/ementetipn Sri Sumarni, Sri Sumarni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The circulating antigen of filariasis malayi patient is the excretory/secretory (ES) protein. It was used as antigen in monoclonal antibody production. The ES protein can be obtained by in vitro culture of filarial worm Brugia malayi.Objective : The aims of this research was to evaluate in vitro culture media with glucose supplementation of adults B.malayi to obtain the ES protein maximally.Methods: Adult males and females B.malayi were cultivated in vitro in medium with glucose supplementation in different concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%). The culture media were changed daily and analysis of its protein were carried out quantitatively using Bradford method, and gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) for qualitative protein analysis. The cuticle of adults B.malayi were extracted by detergent cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB).Results: The effective culture medium was RPMI with 1% glucose supplementation to produce ES protein maximally, and longevity of worms could survive for 6 days. The quantitative protein concentration of female worms culture medium was 0.2-1.85 ug/ml, and the protein molecular weight of female worms cuticle was 26 kDa- 116 kDa. The protein concentration of male culture medium was 0.2-0.5 ug/ml, the molecular weight of adult male cuticle protein was 34 kDa- 56kDa. The peak concentration of protein in both cultivation was observed on the third day.Conclusion: The best medium for in vitro cultivation of adults B.malayi was RPMI with 1% glucose supplementation. The protein concentration of the female culture media was higher than male .Key words: glucose supplementaion - in vitro culture - filarial worms -Brugia malayi - ES protein
The association between diabetic autonomic neuropathy with thiamine deficiency Samekto Wibowo, Samekto Wibowo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Autonomic neuropathy is a kind of diabetes mellitus complication. Parasympathetic neuropathy occurs first, and then it is followed by sympathetic neuropathy. Autonomic nerves are widely distributed in many organs and systems, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital, thermoregulation, and ocular organs. Therefore, the involvement of those organs will produce certain clinical symptoms related to the functions of the internal organs. On the other hand, thiamine status influences the condition of nerve fibers. Thiamine deficiency may produce nerve impairment.Objective: To discover the association between diabetic autonomic neuropathy with thiamine deficiency. Methods: Diabetes mellitus cases of Sardjito Central General Hospital were involved in this study. Schellong test was used to diagnose autonomic neuropathy. Thiamine status was measured in The Nutrition and Food Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University by determining transketolase enzyme activity as done by Ismadi. Results: One hundred and forty subjects were involved in this study. Eleven subjects (7.9%) suffered from autonomic neuropathy. Thiamine deficiency occured in 60% of autonomic neuropathy subjects. Among the subjects without autonomic neuropathy, 55.6% suffered from thiamine deficiency. The difference was not significant (p> 0.05). Odds Ratio 1,2; 95%Cl 0.32-4,46.Conclusions: Thiamine deficiency was more prominent among diabetic autonomic neuropathy subjects. Nevertheless, diabetic autonomic neuropathy had no significant association (p > 0.05) OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.32-4.46) with thiamine deficiency.Key words: diabetes mellitus - thiamine deficiency - autonomic neuropathy - diabetic autonomic neuropathy - postural hypotension
The efficacy of using intraoperative compared with postoperative topical 0.04% Mitomycin-C drops to the recurrence of Pterygium Suhardjo, Suhardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: The major problem in the treatment of pterygium is to prevent recurrences after surgical excision. To prevent the neovascularization and recurrence, variable doses and administration of mitomycin C installation had been used. However no single treatment has been universally effective yet.Objective: The purpose of this studies is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of two different methods of 0.04% Mitomycin - C application as adjunctive chemotherapy to the recurrence of pterygium. Methods: The research had been conducted at the Dr. Sardjito Central Hospital, Wates Central Hospital Gombong PKU Hospital, and Purworejo Aisyiah Hospital from January 1995 to December 1998. Eighty eight patients underwent pterygium excision were involved in this study, and divided into two groups. Group I or intraoperative 0.04% MMC group of 44 cases receiving 0.04% MMC drops applied to the bare sclera for 4 minutes intraoperatively. Group II or post operative group of 44 cases receiving 0.04% MMC eye drops one day after excision once daily during the first postoperatively week and continued with a dosage of one drop 3 times a day during the second postoperative week. Observations were done daily during the first postoperative week, weekly during the first postoperative month, and monthly up to 6 months. Observations were done including of the symptoms of recurrence and side effects of the treatment. The data were analyzed using the Students test and chi square technique.Results: In the intraoperative group, 6 cases (13.67%) recurred, 2 cases of superficial punctate keratitis. In the postoperative group,. 7 cases (15.95%), and 3 cases superficial punctate keratitis. There was no statistical difference in the rates of recurrence (x2 ---- 0,0902, p>0,05). Most of the cases of pain, tearing and lid edema occurred in the group intra-operative. No other complication was observed in the course of the study.Conclussion: A single dose intraoperative application of MMC is a simple, economic, affective alternative adjunctive treatment for pterygium.Key words : Intraoperative mitomycin-C - pterygium excision - recurrence
The roles of forensic anthropology in fetal death investigation Etty Indriati, Etty Indriati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Physical anthropologist who has a training in forensic anthropology may be requested to give an expertestimony. In case of discovery of fetal remains, forensic scientist should understand on what main principles of medicolegal examination the evidences are based. In relation with fetal skeletal remains several investigations should be emphasized, i.e. the origin of the skeleton, the maturity compared with gestational age, the prematurity, whether the fetus is viable at birth, is the case an abortion one, the furnish data indicating the possible cause of death, and the time elapased between the interment and the discovery.The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of forensic anthropology in fetal death investigation and to present case studies of fetal death. The methods used in this study are those by various experts, to determine the age of fetuses. The material of the case study is an unknown fetal remain from Java-Indonesia sent by the law enforcement agency. The study was carried out in the Laboratory of Bioanthropology and Paleoanthropology Faculty of Medicine in July 1990. The result shows the Ohtsukis method proved to be the most appropriate in this case, probably due to the similarity in body size between the Japanese and Indonesian. The result also shows that fetal age identification is extremely sensitive to measurement error. An error of 2 mm. Can lead to 3 months difference in fetal age, therefore, a caliper with 0.005 mm. accuracy is suggested. The conclusion drawn from this study is that physical anthropology is a necessary part of forensic investigation.Key Words: fetal remains investigation - Java origin - fetal age - identification method - forensic anthropology
Forensic Odontoiogy as one of identification methods for unknown victim body Sara Afari Gadro, Sara Afari Gadro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Various etiologies, especially those are severe in quality, can result in an unidentified victim. In certain conditions, such as in a severe combusted, destructed or fragmented victim, or a skleton as the remmant of a victim forensic odontology has a very essentil role. The teeth are suitable identification materials due to their extreme individual characteristics and their resistance againts many destructing agents. The most important characteristics of the teeth to be used in forensic odontology are among others the anatomical structure, the occlusion, the eruption, the morphology, wear and tear. Antemortem data of the victims teeth is imperative in applicating forensic odontology for victim identification at individual level. If no antemortem teeth data is available, postmortem reconstruction may direct the investigation eventhough not up to individual level. The establishment of dental record is, therefore, very important for people who have life threatehing risk.Key words : teeth - forensic odontology - unknown victim body - identification method - dental record
Glaucoma early finding and prognosis
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Glaucoma is a unity of complex eye disorders with abnormal intraocular pressure that is enough to cause increasing cupping-ratio and visual field defect. Blindness due glaucoma is irreversible. The progress of early glaucoma can be prevented by controlling intraocular pressure at normal range using either medicament or alternative treatment i.e. massage onto the eyeball to increase the outflow facility through the trabeculum meshwork. Therefore, early diagnosis is very important and professional examination is essential. A case of an early glaucoma is reported. Treatment with asetazolamide and thymolol maleate eye drop, continued with massage onto the eyeball, had been successfull to decrease and control the intraocular pressure at normal range. Pain was disappearing and visual field defect returned to normal. Futher follow up is needed.Key words: Glaucoma - early diagnosis - controlling intra occular pressure - massage onto eyeball

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